Posts Tagged ‘DEET’

Safety of DEET (N,N,-diethyl-m-toluamide)

Insect repellents containing DEET are the most effective and the most commonly used world wide. DEET has been available commercially for over 50 years and has been studied extensively.

It is thought that DEET works by interfering with the mosquito antennae function, effectively making humans invisible to the mosquito. Generally, the duration of protection is related to the concentration of DEET. However, at a concentration of 50%, this effect plateaus. 30% DEET is the lowest effective dose.

DEET repellents have a very good safety record, when used as directed. When DEET is applied to the skin, some is absorbed into the circulation. However, if the same amount of DEET were to be taken by mouth, either accidentally, or non-accidentally, blood concentrations will be hundreds of times higher and seizures and death can result. Toxic effects have most often occurred as a result of ingestion, rather than skin application. Repellents should not be applied to the lips, mouth, sunburned skin, damaged skin, or deep skin folds, and hands should be washed after applying DEET.

The risk of disease due to the bite of an insect is far greater than the risk involved in applying DEET insect repellents to the skin. 30% DEET repellents are safe to use and are recommended for adults, pregnant women, breast-feeding women and children over 2 months of age.

Read More »

Exploring the World’s Remotest Rivers

… Prepared by Kevin Casey (visitor to Brisbane TMA members clinic)

 

 

One of the very best things about exploring the least known and most pristine rivers on the planet is that I experience the earth in its most natural state. What I do as the Remote River Man is certainly unique – I venture into extremely remote places, normally alone for a month or more, usually with only what can be carried on my back, or in a kayak or pack raft. I have filmed bears in Canada, been leech-bait in Borneo, trekked and paddled the most isolated parts of the Kimberley, got lost (on purpose) in an Argentinean swamp and shared meals with African pygmies. I plan these journeys, conduct them, film the adventures with lightweight video gear, and edit it all when I get home. I have no script, no film crew and no support team. The trips are expensive, so I can’t afford to get sick or have a careless accident while I’m enjoying myself out in the middle of nowhere. It’s not unusual for me to go a whole month in the wild without seeing another human, or be 400 kilometres away from the nearest one.

So how do I go medically with these far-flung journeys? So far pretty well, in over a quarter century of remote river exploration. I did get malaria once in New Guinea, and have had a few stomach complaints in various countries, and suffered the odd blister, cut or bruise, but the dangers of wild places are grossly exaggerated. I like to say (only half joking) that the most dangerous part of my remote river explorations is the car trip to and from the airport.

The real dangers in wilderness are the mundane ones – a sharp branch at eye level, loose rock on downhill slopes, a bad infection, drinking bad water or eating contaminated food, pushing too hard in the heat, etc. The insects make life interesting, too.

When it comes to food, I’ve eaten all sorts – donkey stew, lizard, wood grubs, roasted grasshoppers, raw queen fish (30 seconds after it came out of the ocean), stewed antelope, termite soup and a range of plant foods, from waterlily seed damper and hibiscus buds to palm heart and boab nut pulp. A lot of natural foods are actually more nutritious than the more adulterated stuff you buy in the shop. Generally the rivers I explore have no human habitation upstream which is always a help, but there are still plenty of microbes just waiting patiently for the ill prepared.

Insects are never to be taken lightly. I soak all my clothes in a permethrin solution before I go away, and carry a good repellent. 25-30% DEET is more than enough, unless you want to chemically burn holes in your nylon tarp, or melt the plastic case of your camera or sunnies. I like the Repel roll-on myself. I always sleep in either a mozzie-proof tent or in my trusty netted Clark Jungle Hammock. If I’m headed for a tropical country where I suspect bedbugs, fleas or other surprises might be joining me in my hotel bed, I’ll carry a very lightweight one-man Bug Bivy (Outdoor Research makes a nice one) and actually set that up right on top of the hotel bed, so nothing can get at me during the night. You can’t always assume a third-world hotel is going to provide a mozzie net, or if it does, that it won’t be full of well-hidden holes.

A comprehensive first aid kit is a must, and it’s always a struggle to balance keeping it lightweight and ‘covering all the bases’.

Getting into Dr. Deb’s Travel Medicine Clinic is something I always do at least 3-4 months before I head off overseas on a remote river exploration. Sooner is better than later for sorting out what’s needed, and since some of my destinations are exotic and seldom visited by tourists, it’s especially important for me to have up-to-date expertise, so I can then get down to the challenging business of exploring my chosen river, getting some amazing footage, and returning home safely so I can start editing all those Remote River Man DVDs!. Checkout Kevin’s website www.remoteriverman.com.

 

Read More »

Travel Health Information

Creative Commons License
This work by Dr Deb The Travel Doctor Pty Ltd (ABN 75 624 360 247) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://www.thetraveldoctor.com.au/website_terms_conditions.htm.

Website Terms and Conditions | Governing policy | Sitemap| Privacy Policy

Website Developed by Big Blue Creative